Забезпечення техніко-технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту (теоретико-методичні засади)

Abstract

UA: Дисертаційну роботу присвячено удосконаленню теоретичних положень і розробленню практичних рекомендацій щодо забезпечення техніко-технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту. Розвинуто теоретичний базис забезпечення техніко-технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту, запропоновано модель техніко- технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту, що враховує стратегічні пріоритети розвитку, складові техніко-технологічного розвитку та кооперацію з науково-дослідними організаціями. Розроблено концептуальні положення техніко-технологічного оновлення підприємств залізничного транспорту, які враховують принцип граничної корисності факторів зростання. Удосконалено компонентну структуру інноваційно- інвестиційного потенціалу, розвинуто методичний підхід до комплексної оцінки інноваційно-інвестиційного потенціалу підприємств залізничного транспорту. Розкрито підхід до забезпечення техніко-технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту, організаційні засади інноваційного забезпечення техніко- технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту, які передбачають впровадження інжинірингу шляхом створення Інжиніринго-маркетингового центру інноваційних технологій. Запропоновано механізм інвестиційного забезпечення техніко-технологічного розвитку підприємств залізничного транспорту на основі формування інвестиційного фонду техніко-технологічного розвитку ПАТ «Українська залізниця».

EN: The thesis is devoted to the improvement of theoretical positions and the development of practical recommendations to provide technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises. Technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises is proposed to be based on the principle of the marginal utility of growth factors, which is based on establishing an effective combination of technical, technological, managerial, institutional, social innovation, economic feasibility of their implementation, social value and entrepreneurial potential. The author’s definition of a concept "Technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises" is given. A model of technical and technological updating of railway transport enterprises has been developed, in which its strategic directions were identified; the components of technical and technological development, priorities of development of research as well as innovation and investment activity of railway transport enterprises were established. The conceptual statements of the technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises has been developed, which reveal the identified strategic goals and tasks of the technical and technological development of the enterprises in accordance with the business verticals of PJSC «Ukrainian Railways», legal, organizational, managerial, social and cultural as well as innovation and investment instruments. The scientific positions to the content structure of innovation and investment potential are presented. The component structure of innovation and investment potential of enterprises of railway transport has been improved at the expense of allocation of subsystems of potential in accordance with stages of creation and implementation of innovations. The main components of the innovation and investment potential of railway transport enterprises are as follows: subsystems in ensuring the process of creation and implementation of innovations, which includes resource, investment, management; subsystems in "Development of innovative product", which includes intellectual and informational, scientific and innovative, human resources; subsystem of "Innovative Product Production", which includes production potential; subsystem of "Introduction and implementation of innovative product", which includes marketing potentials. The assessment of the level of innovation and investment potential of railway companies is proposed on the basis of the developed methodical approach to the comprehensive assessment of the innovation and investment potential of these enterprises. The approach of providing of technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises, which is an integral part of the development management system of PJSC "Ukrainian Railways", is proposed. At the same time, it is a part of a set of methods of managing the interaction of subjects of innovation and investment activity of railway transport companies, which are determined by the functions, principles, forms and methods of organization of process innovation, investment activities on the technical and technological development of enterprises increasing further their technological and technological level. The organizational principles of providing innovative technical and technological development of railway transport, based on creation of Engineer-Marketing Center for Innovative Technologies of Railway Transport. The mechanism of functioning of the Center, its organizational and functional structure and the scheme of interaction with the enterprises of the railway transport are determined. The mechanism of investment support of technical and technological development of rail transport, based on unity of process, resource and system approaches, formation and investment fund of development of PJSC "Ukrainian Railways" has been developed. The procedures of financial interaction of the subjects of the mechanism and the algorithm of investment are determined. The investment support of the technical and technological development of railway transport enterprises, attraction and rational use of investment resources is proposed to be implemented based on creating of an investment fund of technical and technological development of PJSC "Ukrainian Railways". The organizational and management structure of the fund is presented. It is found that department of research of enterprise capabilities is of high importance in functioning of the Institute of Investments, as well as in the system of investment distribution. The investment distributing process occurs in optimizing projects and funding according to the chosen funding model.