Інноваційний розвиток пасажирських компаній шляхом організації залізничного туризму

Abstract

UA: Дисертація присвячена обґрунтуванню теоретико-методологічних постулатів інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній шляхом організації залізничного туризму в сучасних умовах господарювання, що формуються під постійним впливом внутрішніх та зовнішніх факторів. Розроблено концепцію інноваційного розвитку пасажирської компанії. Запропоновано механізм інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній, сутність якого полягає в системному поєднанні соціально-економічних, мотиваційних, організаційних, правових та інших процесів управління. Розроблено науково-методичний підхід до оптимізації процесів інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній. Сформовано теоретично-методологічні основи інноваційного розвитку компаній. Запропоновано методику визначення взаємозалежності інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній від перспективної кількості потенційних споживачів послуг залізничного туризму. Розроблено систему організаційно- функціонального забезпечення інноваційного розвитку. Сформовано науково- практичний підхід щодо визначення оптимальних структур управління туристичними перевезеннями. Розроблено стратегію інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній. Сформовано понятійно-категоріальний апарат дослідження шляхом доповнення та встановлення логічних зв’язків між базовими категоріями та поняттями. Удосконалено науково-методичний підхід до визначення економічної ефективності залізничного туризму в контексті забезпечення інноваційного розвитку пасажирських компаній. Сформовано систему методів організації інноваційного розвитку пасажирських залізничних компаній. Розроблено науково-практичний підхід до планування та прогнозування рівня їх інноваційного розвитку.

EN: The thesis is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and methodological postulates of innovative development of passenger companies through the organization of railway tourism in modern economic conditions, which are formed under constant influence of internal and external factors. The concept of innovative development of a passenger company was developed. It allows to establish the regularities of innovative management processes under conditions of dynamically changing exogenous and endogenous environment. The mechanism of innovative development of passenger companies was created. The essence of it is the systematic combination of socio-economic, motivational, organizational, legal and other processes of management. The scientific and methodical approach to optimization of the processes of innovative development of passenger companies was developed. It is based on the use of description, explanation, forecasting of the choice between two or more fragmentary values using the empirical analysis of discrete optimal planning for the determination of alternative efficient routes. This provides the maximum of the criterion of net present value with established requirement system for the activities of tour operators, which significantly influences innovation as a creative factor for the development of passenger companies. The author forms the theoretical and methodological foundations of innovative development of the companies, which are based on selectively chosen theories of representatives of economic schools on specific methods and techniques of scientific and empirical knowledge that form the necessary component of innovation activity. It was proposed the method of the interdependence determination of innovative development of passenger companies from the perspective of the number of potential consumers of railway tourism services. The methodology is based on the statistical data array of the retrospective analysis of the passenger companies’ activity and the formation of the system parametrization of potential investment projects of railway tourism development, which take into account not only the demand for railway tourist transportations, but also the availability of railway infrastructure in the places of tourist attraction. The system of organizational and functional provision of innovative development was formed. This allows systematizing the certain types of organizational and functional support for innovative development (mixed system, multilevel one, dynamic, heterogeneous, special purposed, managed one, the system with mixed variables, "white box", the system with combined management, organizational system, large complex system, stochastic one, open system) and promotes timely development and implementation of the complex of corrective measures of innovative development in passenger companies. A scientific and practical approach to determine the optimal management structures of tourism transportations was formed. It is based on alternative financing mechanisms, which allows determining the rationality of their destination, use area, time and territorial parameters of the journey, qualitative characteristics, pricing policy, and the principles of their optimal use in different conditions of realization (rest) taking into account the provision of a full range of tourist services, transfers, and sightseeing tours. The strategy of innovative development of passenger companies was developed. It is based on a complex of organized regulatory analytical and managerial measures aimed at forming decompensation regulators for reducing or eliminating the consequences of the negative influence of destabilizing factors of the external and internal environment of the passenger companies' activity. By completing and establishing logical connections between the basic categories and concepts the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the research was formed. The essence of it, unlike the existing ones, lies in establishing the integral characteristic of the influence of innovative development as the base-defining platform of the performed research on the strategic and empirical orientation of enterprises using the heterogeneous ideas and methods structured in multilevel hierarchical interconnection systems. The complex result of it is the prospects, conclusiveness, and conceptuality of the scientific research. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the economic efficiency of railway tourism in the context of providing innovative development of passenger companies is improved, which allows increasing their efficiency under conditions of activation and dynamic development of the innovative technologies market. A system of methods for organizing the innovative development of passenger railway companies has been developed. It contains scientific, theoretical and practical substantiation of key instruments for studying the nature of changes in the performance indicator of innovative development of passenger companies, depending on the influence of the railway tourism organization. The application of these instruments allows timely production and correction of the actions of managers. It is the basis for forming the theoretical and methodological foundations of innovative development of passenger companies. The scientific and practical approach to planning and forecasting the level of innovative development of passenger companies was developed. It is based on the use of the modern methods of economic-mathematical modelling and scientific tools for evaluating the influence of exogenous and endogenous imperatives on the activity of tour operators and agents, taking into account the conditions of risks and cooperation formalized in the form of discrete two-stage optimization model that provides the choice of a set of the most profitable railway tourism routes in Ukraine.